Recoverin belongs to a high-affinity calcium-binding family that includes neuronal calcium sensor-1, visinin-like proteins (VILIPs), guanylate cyclase-activating proteins (GCAPs), and Kv-channel interacting proteins (KchIPs). Features common to this family include four calcium-binding EF-hand domains, and an N-terminal myristoylation sequence. This family of proteins has been implicated in a broad range of cellular signaling functions, including phototransduction and neurotransmitter release, lipid metabolism, gene expression, and ion channel regulation. Myristoylation, the post-translational addition of a fatty acid tail, has been shown to have functional significance for other calcium-binding protein family members. Recoverin is subject to the posttranslational modification of myristoylation. Binding of calcium to recoverin elicits a change in conformation that exposes the buried hydrophobic myristoyl moiety to interaction with cell membranes and other cellular proteins.